潜意识里的那个人，你认识吗？

潜意识里的那个人，你认识吗？

通常，我们总以为自己看到的就是真实，故有眼见为实之说。但这究竟是什么意义上的“真实”呢？

We often believe that what we see is the truth, holding onto the notion that “seeing is believing.” But are we actually seeing the truth of the world?

比如，醉汉看到的是“真实”吗？色盲看到的是“真实”吗？虽然我们不是醉汉，不是色盲，而是彼此认同的正常人，但我们就看到“真实”了吗？

Is the world as seen by a drunk person the true reality? What about by someone colorblind? Although we may consider ourselves as normal people, not intoxicated or colorblind, do we see the “truth” as it is?

事实上，我们所看到的，只是世界呈现在我们认识上的影像，而不是世界本身。两者虽然有关，却不能混为一谈。若能认清这一点，不再执著于我们所以为的那些“真实”，很多烦恼就无从生起了。

Buddhism tells us that what we see are merely images of the world as they appear to our cognition, not the world itself. Though related, they are not the same. If we can recognize this distinction and stop clinging to our perceived “truths,” many of our afflictions will cease to exist.

唯识所说的八识有意识和潜意识之分。其中，前六识（眼识、耳识、鼻识、舌识、身识、意识）属于意识范畴，第七末那识和第八阿赖耶识属于潜意识范畴。

The Yogacara school presents the concept of the eight consciousnesses, which include the conscious and the subconscious. The first six consciousnesses (eye, ear, nose, tongue, body, and mind consciousness) are part of the conscious, whereas the seventh, manas consciousness, and the eighth, alaya consciousness, belong to the subconscious.

潜意识的概念，是由心理学家弗洛伊德在精神分析学说中提出的。但早在两千多年前，佛教就已认识到潜意识的存在，认识到意识活动不过是整个心灵世界中微不足道的一部分。

The concept of the subconscious was introduced by psychologist Sigmund Freud as part of his psychoanalytic theory. Buddhism, however, recognized the existence of the subconscious over two thousand years ago and understood that conscious activities are but a trivial part of one’s mental world.

唯识宗认为，第七末那识正是潜在的自我意识，它时时影响着前六识的活动。人为什么会处处以自我为中心？为什么会认同“人不为己，天诛地灭”的观点？正是源于潜意识中的自私本性，也就是我执。

The Yogacara school teaches that manas consciousness, the seventh consciousness, represents our subconscious self-awareness, which constantly influences the activities of the first six consciousnesses. Why are people self-centered? Why does the saying “put yourself first, or else face dire consequences” resonate with so many individuals? These behaviors stem from humanity’s subconscious selfish nature, our self-attachment.

而第八识相当于超大容量的仓库，储藏着我们无始以来的一切生命信息。生命是无尽的积累，在我们解脱之前，这种积累是不会停止的。漫漫轮回路，我们时刻都在阿赖耶识中留下各种信息，佛教称之为“种子”，这是影响生命未来走向的潜在力量，也是决定性的力量。

The eighth consciousness, or alaya consciousness, is like a super-sized warehouse, storing all the information of our lives since beginningless time. Life is an endless accumulation, and this accumulation will continue until we attain liberation. Throughout the cycles of rebirth, we constantly leave traces in the eighth consciousness, which Buddhism calls “seeds.” These seeds are hidden yet decisive forces that shape the future course of our lives.

如果不从这些根本着手，我们对心理问题的解决终归是暂时的。就像水流，必须从源头堵住，才能阻止它的漫延。同样，我们也需要找到心理发展的源头，进而了解它的特征、作用和活动规律，并以正确方式进行引导，才能对心进行有效管理，从而阻止不良情绪，发展良性心理。

Without addressing these fundamentals, solutions to psychological issues will only be temporary. Just as a river must be dammed at the source to stop its flow, we must identify the roots of our psychological problems to understand their characteristics, functions, and patterns of activity. By doing so, we can guide our mind in the right direction, manage our thoughts, curtail negative emotions, and foster a healthy mindset.

摘自《凡圣只在一念间》

作者：济群法师

Excerpted from:

A Moment of Awakening that Changes Everything

By Master Jiqun